Even today, numerous manual processes persist, even on large coffee plantations, causing time inefficiencies and potential errors.

In this context, the aim of a recent study carried out by a Brazilian research group (Terra Querme and Lima, 2024) was to propose the automation of coffee production traceability using QR codes to optimise processes and improve quality, safety and sustainability in the supply chain, in line with the Industry 4.0 paradigm.

In particular, the proposed system involves the use of the BPMN (Business Process Model and Notation) method to outline the stages of coffee production, using QR codes to collect and record data during activities such as harvesting, washing, drying, processing, storage and validation of company certification.