{"id":236353,"date":"2026-04-20T10:56:48","date_gmt":"2026-04-20T08:56:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.alimentibevande.it\/uncategorized\/stabilimento-fallito-ma-affittato-qual-e-losa-responsabile\/"},"modified":"2026-04-20T11:17:03","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T09:17:03","slug":"factory-bankrupt-but-leased-which-osa-is-liable","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alimentibevande.it\/en\/legislation\/factory-bankrupt-but-leased-which-osa-is-liable\/","title":{"rendered":"Factory &#8216;bankrupt&#8217; but leased: which OSA is liable?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Pursuant to Article 4, paragraph 2 of <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/reg\/2004\/853\/oj\/eng\">Regulation (EC) 853\/2004<\/a>, establishments handling products of animal origin listed in Annex III\u2014and therefore subject to the specific hygiene requirements therein\u2014may operate only after obtaining approval from the competent authority.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Article 148 of <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/reg\/2017\/625\/oj\/eng\">Regulation (EU) 2017\/625<\/a> specifies that approval is granted only upon specific application by the food business operator (FBO), who must demonstrate compliance with the relevant food law requirements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Furthermore, according to the &#8220;Application Guidelines for Regulation 853\/2004\/EC&#8221; adopted by the State-Regions Conference (Act No. 253\/CSR of December 17, 2009), the requirements to be demonstrated\u2014and which the competent authority will verify during an on-site visit\u2014refer to both the &#8220;objective&#8221; aspect of the hygienic-structural conditions of the premises and equipment, and the &#8220;subjective&#8221; aspect of the HACCP procedures implemented by the individual OAS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The regulatory and practice references cited above, in the author&#8217;s opinion, suggest that establishment recognition is an act of a\u2014at least partially\u2014personal nature, as it refers to a specific OAS, which:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>submitted the application for recognition;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>demonstrated the relevant requirements and implemented the self-monitoring procedures assessed by the competent authority;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>is the holder of the recognition, i.e., the authorization to operate the business from a hygiene and health perspective.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The Osa holding the recognition should therefore be primarily responsible for the activities carried out in the authorized establishment<\/strong>. This responsibility, in principle, should remain even if the Osa holding the authorization allows another party, based on specific contractual relationships, to independently carry out activities corresponding to those authorized on the same premises.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It should be noted, however, that in situations of mixed use of the establishment, it is not possible to identify a solution that is valid in all cases, given the need to evaluate both the specifics of the specific case and the specific regional regulations governing the administrative recognition procedure. This is also necessary to determine whether and, if so, what authorization must be obtained by the Osa intending to operate a food business in another establishment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Given the above, the question under consideration describes a very peculiar situation, in which <strong>the Osa holding the recognition, following the declaration of bankruptcy <\/strong>(now replaced by &#8220;judicial liquidation&#8221;), <strong>completely ceases to operate its business in the establishment and is, in effect, replaced by a different Osa<\/strong>, which takes over the same activity under a rental\/lease agreement entered into with the liquidator. The recognition, however, formally remains in the name of the bankrupt Osa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The legal assessment of this situation would presuppose, as already mentioned, a detailed examination of the applicable legislation in the relevant Region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nonetheless, it is possible to point out the following at this stage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>First, the bankruptcy declaration (and similarly, today, the declaration of commencement of judicial liquidation) is not believed to, in itself, affect the ownership and validity of the recognition order, as no such provision is found in the respective relevant legislation (i.e., <a href=\"https:\/\/www.normattiva.it\/uri-res\/N2Ls?urn:nir:stato:regio.decreto:1942-03-16;267\">Royal Decree 267\/1942<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.normattiva.it\/uri-res\/N2Ls?urn:nir:stato:decreto.legislativo:2019-01-12;14\">Legislative Decree 14\/2019<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Second, the manner in which the matter was handled as described in the question raises reasonable doubts in the author:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>both because the incoming Osa appears to be carrying out an activity subject to recognition (i.e., authorization) on the basis of a mere registration (i.e., a Scia) and, therefore, under a radically different administrative regime;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>both because, as the reader rightly points out, the &#8220;registration&#8221; regime, by lowering the risk level, will also lead to a lower frequency of official controls on the incoming Osa (in particular, on its self-monitoring procedures and the actual methods of carrying out its activities), thus risking circumvention of the relevant regulations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The solution that would be most consistent with the situation at hand, in the author&#8217;s opinion, would be to <strong>transfer ownership of the recognition order<\/strong> \u2014 through a transfer \u2014 <strong>from the bankrupt Osa to the Osa that has effectively taken over the management of the food establishment<\/strong>. This option, however, should not, in principle, be precluded by the ongoing bankruptcy proceedings, given the presence of a trustee who could take charge of carrying out the relevant legal acts, if necessary, even with the prior authorization of the Judge.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pursuant to Article 4, paragraph 2 of Regulation (EC) 853\/2004, establishments handling products of animal origin listed in Annex III\u2014and therefore subject to the specific hygiene requirements therein\u2014may operate only after obtaining approval from the competent authority. Article 148 of Regulation (EU) 2017\/625 specifies that approval is granted only upon specific application by the food&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3836,"featured_media":236354,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20564,20567],"tags":[20861,20862,21008,21516,21517,20989],"tipologia":[],"coauthors":[21518],"class_list":["post-236353","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-legislation","category-questions","tag-controlli-ufficiali","tag-official-controls","tag-recognition-2","tag-responsabilita","tag-responsibility","tag-riconoscimento"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Factory &#039;bankrupt&#039; but leased: which OSA is liable? - Alimentibevande.it<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Which Osa should official controllers refer to?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.alimentibevande.it\/en\/legislation\/factory-bankrupt-but-leased-which-osa-is-liable\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Factory &#039;bankrupt&#039; 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